Pranayama aims at bringing the involuntary functions of the respiratory mechanism within human control. The term pranayama has been constituted by two words: Prana + Ayama. Prana is the vital force which pervades the whole cosmos. Prana is more subtle than air and can be defined as the energy essence that is within everything in the universe. Prana is the principle of development and sustenance both of the nervous and cellular tissues of the body and the mind.

In the process of breathing when the prana air is inhaled, definite action takes place. One is related to the ingestion of oxygen into the alveoli and the other to the ingestion of the nervous energy into the brain system.

Ayama means to control or to give a rhythm or a definite flow. In this sense Pranayama may be defined as a process and technique through which vital energy can be stimulated and increased: and this brings about perfect control over the flow of Prana within the body.

Pranayama is an exact science. Regulation of breathing, as a matter of fact, is natural. It hardly offers any scope of artificiality. The breath enters through the nose and depending on ones general health and strength of the lungs; it is retained inside and then is exhaled. This natural condition of intake and outflow of the breath goes on continuously and it is on this process that human life depends. The difference between this natural process and the 'Pranayama' is that in the former the inhalation and exhalation is not necessarily connected with the mind ; that process continues owing to the natural functioning of the heart and lungs. The inhalation and the exhalation are, hence, not of any set duration. In some person the inhalation may take a longer time than the exhalation and in some others the opposite may occur. In Pranayama, however, there is a systematic regulation of both the inhalation and exhalation. This is for the reason that the mind is joined to the action of inhalation and exhalation known as Puraka and Rechaka respectively in practicing the Pranayama. Hence their longer and shorter duration within a specified time has to be controlled. The result of this controlled inhalation and exhalation, both in respect of speed and time has a mere beneficial effect on the mind and the body than that of the natural process. Most of us who largely depend on the natural process will derive immense benefit on falling ill by controlled inhalation and exhalation. Such person should inhale slowly and exhale equally slowly in the beginning for 5 to 10 times depending on their strength and continue doing this morning and evening for 25 to 30 day. The natural inhalation is hence called "SWASHANA" or breathing and that inhalation and exhalation which is done extending time limit by applying the power of mind is called "DEERGHASWASHANA" or Pranayama.

1. Place for pranayama should be clean, peaceful and airy.
2. Pranayama should not be performed under a fan on full speed.
3. Pranayama should be done in morning hours preferably before the dawn.
4. Body must be cleansed before sitting for Pranayama.
5. Duration of Pranayama should be increased gradually and gradually.
6. One should not sit for Pranayama after meals. At least a gap of 3-4 hours is essential.
7. Pranayama should be practiced after Asans and before Meditation.
8. One should not strain the body.

1. BHASTRIKA PRANAYAM
   Sit in Sukha Asana and take deep breathe so that your lungs are full with fresh air. Hold the air for a few seconds and release it through nose. Repeat this for 5-10 times till your breathing system is perfect.
   
   
2. KAPAL BHATI PRANAYAM
   Sit in Sukha Asana and take a deep breathe. Exhale the air by pushing the stomach inside and let the process of fresh air inhalation be done with least effort. Repeat this process of exhaling the air by pushing the stomach inside and inhaling fresh air with least efforts atleast 200 times or say for about 15 minutes.
   
   By doing this Kapal Bhati Pranayam for 15 minutes or more every day you can cure the following diseases.
   1. Indigestion
   2. Acidity and gas.
   3. Obesity.
   4. All other abdominal related diseases
      
      
3. BAGHI PRANAYAM
   Sit in Sukha Asana and exhale the air to the maximum possible level and try to move your stomach inside by pressure. Hold it for a few seconds then inhale fresh air. Again exhale the air as above and repeat the process for 10-15 times.
   By doing this Baghi pranayam you can cure all problems relating to abdominal and intestine.
   
   
4. ANULOM VILOM PRANAYAM
   Sit in Sukha Asana and take deep breathe with one nostril open and the other closed by use of your fingers. Now release the air by another nostril which was closed while inhaling the air and closing the other nostril by use of fingers. Take deep breathe by the nostril through which air was exhaled last time and exhale the air through another nostril.
   
   By doing this anulom vilom pranayam for about 15 minutes a day you can cure the following diseases:
   1. Hypertension or high blood pressure
   2. Diabetes
   3. Migraine Pain.
   4. Asthma
   5. Bronchitis
   
   
5. BHRAMRI PRANAYAM
   A person should sit in Sukha Asana or dhyan asan , close his eyes , keep his fingers in such a way that three fingers cover the eyes and one finger gives a little pressure on the forehead . The thumb should cover the ears by giving the little pressure. Now he has to take deep breathe and release the air slowly through nose so that a sound similar to the humming of bees comes out . Repeat the process for about 15 minutes.
   
   By doing Bramari pranayam you can cure all diseases related to :
   1. Ears
   2. Nose
   3. Throat
   4. Eyes
   5. Nervous system
   
   
6. UDGEET PRANAYAM
   A person should sit in Sukha Asana or dhyan asan, close his eyes, take deep breathe and release the air through mouth slowly that the sound of “OM” is pronounced. Repeat the process for about 15 minutes.
   
   By doing udgeet pranayam you can cure all diseases related to:
   1. Nervous system
   2. Throat

He who practices Pranayama will have good appetite, cheerfulness, handsome figure, good strength, courage, and enthusiasm, a high standard of health, vigor and vitality and good concentration of mind. Pranayama is quite suitable for the Westerners also. A Yogi measures the span of his life not by the number of years but by the number of his breaths. You can take in a certain amount of energy or Prana from the atmospheric air along with each breath. Vital capacity is the capacity shown by the largest quantity of air a man can inhale after the deepest possible exhalation. A man takes fifteen breaths in a minute. The total number of breaths comes to 21,600 times per day.
Other benefits are as follows:-

1. It makes the life meaningful and social.
2. It keeps the man balanced in all the conditions and situations.
3. It helps in understanding the real nature of man and its relationships with the community.
4. It manages psycho physical diseases.
5. It put chain on the senses.
6. It makes the body healthy.
7. It helps in controlling the modalities of mind.
8. It gives opportunities to soul to flourish.
9. Intellectual development is accelerated.
10. Will power becomes strong through its practice.
11. It develops feelings of national and international well-being.